This is a rare and important prutah of the 1st Jewish War against Rome in the year 2 ( 67-68 CE). The year two representing the reign year of Procurator of Judea,
Marcus Antonius Julianus. Nero was the Roman Emperor during this Revolt.
This is a bronze mite/Lepton often referred as the "Masada coin" because a large number of them were found atop the desert fortress overlooking the Dead sea.
Obverse : Amphora with broad rim and two handles and Hebrew inscription "year 2"
Reverse : vine leaf on a branch and Hebrew inscription "Freedom of Zion"
From Wiki
First Jewish Revolt coinage was issued by the
Jews after the
Zealots captured
Jerusalem and the
Jewish temple from the
Romans in 66 AD at the beginning of the
First Jewish Revolt. The Jewish leaders of the revolt minted their own coins to emphasize their newly obtained independence from
Rome.
During the second (67–68 AD) and third (69–70 AD) years of the revolt
bronze prutah coins were issued, depicting an
amphora, and with the date and the Hebrew inscription (חרות ציון Herut Zion)"The Freedom of Zion"
The lepton (plural: lepta) and
prutah (plural: prutot) were the lowest
denomination
coins that circulated in Jerusalem during Roman. Lepta were often carelessly
and crudely struck, usually off center and on small flans. Because they
circulated for a long period, they are most often very worn and legends
are usually illegible." ( edited ref Numiswiki)
Causes of the War of 66-70
In 66, the Roman emperor
Nero
needed money, and ordered his representative in
Judaea,
Gessius Florus, to confiscate it from the Temple treasure. The
governor
was not amused when some Jewish jokers passed the hat round for "that poor
procurator
Florus" (
Flavius
Josephus,
Jewish
War, 2.295). He demanded their punishment, but when his
policemen could not find the mockers, he had some passersby arrested and
crucified.
Of course this was tactless and brutal, but it it would not have led
to the destruction of
Jerusalem and the Temple if there had not been one
or two deeper causes. The obvious reason why this incident led to war,
was the religious tension between the Jewish populace and the Roman government.
However, the Roman governors and the Temple authorities had found practical
solutions to deal with these problems.
The real reason for the war was the impoverishment of the Jewish peasantry.
Sixty years of Roman taxation had meant only one thing: the Jews had to
pay money, which was spent in Italy and on the border. Judaea had become
substantially poorer and many peasants had been forced first to mortgage
and then to sell their land. Besides, in Jerusalem many people had become
unemployed when he renovation of the temple was finished in 63. The peasants
and artsians had a reason to fight, and they were willing to do so.
There may have been a portent that gave them hope. There was a prophecy
in the book of Numbers (24.17) that 'a star shall come forth out of Jacob,
a scepter shall rise out of Israel', which was commonly taken to be a prediction of the
Messiah. At the end of 64, there had been a comet (
Tacitus,
Annals,
15.47), which must have made a discontent populace even more discontent.
For some time, the Temple authorities had been able to check the peasant's
anger. But in the third quarter of the first century, most people considered
the high priesthood corrupt. The war of 66-70 was not only a war between
the Romans and Jews, it was also a class struggle.
Item : A Mite / A Lepton
Obv : Amphora with broad rim and two handles and Hebrew inscription "year 2"
Rev : vine leaf on a branch and Hebrew inscription "Freedom of Zion"
Date :Year 2 ( 67-68 CE)
Dim :170mm
Weight : 2.56gm
Denom : Lepton
Metal : AE
Rarity : R
Purchased Price : USD
Reference :
